Read Aloud the Text Content

This audio was created by Woord's Text to Speech service by content creators from all around the world.

Text Content or SSML code:

Patients often not have any clinical symptoms at the early stage of the disease. The hip is usually the site where the earliest symptoms occur, especially in the groin area. The pain or soreness in the buttocks, lateral thighs, and knees are also prevalent. The pain may be persistent or intermittent, and might be increased after the activity and released after the rest. It is often uneven and asymmetric from the onset of pain to the progression of the disease. In the early period, the patient might exhibit reduced hip mobility into internal rotation and intermittent claudication. The contraction of the iliopsoas muscle and adductor muscle may cause flexion deformity and abduction restriction respectively. In the late stage, due to the contracture of the joint capsule and surrounding soft tissues, the destruction and collapse of the articular surface, and the secondary osteoarthritis and subluxation, there might be limb deformity and shortening, muscle atrophy, hip movement restriction, and even hip ankylosis, leading to the persistent claudication with pain. Physical examination such as Faber and the Thomas test can be positive in both early and late stages of patients. In the late stage, due to the collapse of the femoral head and dislocation of the hip joint, patients might demonstrate positive Trendelenburg sign and Allis sign.