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DNA Shape: DNA looks like a twisted ladder, called a double helix. Building Blocks: DNA is made up of tiny units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: Sugar: A sugar molecule called deoxyribose. Phosphate: A phosphate group. Base: One of four different bases: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), or Guanine (G). Base Pairs: The bases pair up to form the rungs of the ladder. Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T). Cytosine (C) always pairs with Guanine (G). Sides of the Ladder: The sides of the ladder are made of sugar and phosphate molecules. Double Helix: The ladder is twisted into a spiral shape, making the double helix. DNA's Job: DNA contains instructions for building and running the body. These instructions are like a recipe book for making proteins. DNA Location: DNA is found inside the cells of living organisms, packaged in structures called chromosomes.