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Module One: Topic A-The Basics About Computers Learning Objectives: Upon successful completion of this course, learners should be able to: 1. Identify basic terms, concepts, and functions of computer system components. 2. Select and use the appropriate software application to complete a particular task such as a word processing skill to create, save, modify business documents. 3. Identify basic concepts and procedures for creating, viewing, and managing files, and folders for different operating systems. 4. Explain what a computer is, how it processes data, and its use to produce information in society. Topic A: Basic knowledge of Computers Terms You Should Know Mouse Trackpad (or Touchpad Hard Drive USB Drive Printer Mouse Trackpad (or Touchpad Hard Drive USB Drive Printer System Unit Motherboard Central Processing Unit (CPU) Random-Access Memory (RAM) Computer System Monitor Keyboard System Unit System unit – the main part of a desktop computer (the case) that contains all of the main electronic components of a computer. Other common names of the system unit: tower, chassis, or main unit. A system unit includes the motherboard, CPU (Central Processing Unit), RAM (Random-Access Memory), hard drive, expansion cards, power supply, etc. A system unit does not include peripheral devices, such as keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, etc. The term system unit is used to distinguish between the computer and its peripheral devices (keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, scanner, etc.). Motherboard (mainboard) – the main circuit board of the computer. The motherboard is the system core of a computer. The motherboard is a computer’s central structure that connects the different parts of a computer together. Whole computer system is connected, managed, and controlled by the motherboard. CPU (Central Processing Unit) – CPU is often referred to as the brain or engine of a computer where most of the processing and operations take place. Other common names of the CPU: main processor, central processor, etc. The CPU is the primary component of a computer that executes, interprets, and carries out all instructions. RAM (Random-Access Memory) – a type of data storage (memory element) used in computers that temporarily stores programs and data. RAM only holds onto data and programs while the computer is on. All information that was stored in RAM is erased when the computer is turned off. Basic Parts of a Computer System A computer system includes a system unit along with all its software (such as Office 2016, Windows 10, etc.) and peripheral devices (such as a mouse, keyboard, monitor, printer, etc.) connected to it. Computer monitor – a display screen used to display information (text, image, video, etc.) processed by a computer. Keyboard – an input device (the set of typewriter-like keys) that allows a user to enter characters (letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) into a computer. Mouse – a hand-held pointing device that can control the position of a cursor (pointer) on a display screen. Trackpad (or touchpad) – a small flat surface on a laptop or other computer that does the same things as a mouse (a trackpad is a built-in mouse). Hard Drive, USB Drive, and Printer Hard disk drive (HDD) – the main data storage device in a computer. Other common names for a hard disk drive: hard disk, hard drive, fixed disk, etc. A hard disk drive is a spindle of a set of stacked magnetic disks (platters) that records and stores information (like phonograph records). When you install programs or save data on hard disk of your computer, the information is written to the hard disk. Hard drives can be internal or external. USB drive – a small portable storage device used to store or transfer data for computers. It is often used for storage, data backup, and transfer of computer files. USB stands for Universal Serial Bus. Other common names for a USB drive: flash drive, USB stick, pen drive, thumb drive, etc. Printer – an output device linked to a computer. It transfers the information (text, images, etc.) to paper. 2