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CHW 3M Flourishing Civilizations Unit 2 Test Name: Aidan Fitzmaurice 3 Civilizations of this Unit: Mongols, Mayans, Egyptians For each of the 3 civilizations we studied, explain your top 2 factors that allowed/helped each civilization to flourish. Use specific details in your answer. Ancient Mongolia flourished by maintaining strong war tactics and having an open mind, adapting to their surroundings and promoting based on merit, inventing the composite bow for war among others. Perhaps the end of a nomadic way of life to settle in villages set aside cornfields (maize) led to the flourish of the Mayan civilization, allowing the advancement of infrastructure with little war. Undoubtedly, the Nile River was most important to the flourish of the Ancient Egypt civilization, contributing to the success of agriculture allowing pyramids and other architectural achievements to be built for living and cultural rituals. For each of the 3 civilizations studied, what is their most important legacy? Other than its violent reputation, Mongolia historically had an open mind, paving the way for inclusion and unity of its people, setting the stage in terms of religious tolerance. Meanwhile, the Mayans excelled in their academics and left behind an accurate calendar system along with the base concept of zero. The calendar used by the Mayans is considerably more accurate than the one used today and helped the creation of the modern calendar. Egypt, very impactful, left behind pyramids; a legacy used to determine life back then and economic growth in the form of tourism for present day Egypt. Choose ONE of the following questions below and provide an answer for 2 of the 3 civilizations we studied this unit. Describe the social structures/social organization in 1 of the civilizations and the impact of these structures/organization on the lives of the different people in the civilization. Ancient Egypt’s social structure was very pronounced and important to “how life was back then”. Each role had a duty/job to do and without it, we certainly wouldn’t have pyramids, nor a civilization that lasted as long. Upper class was superior to lower, with Pharaohs at the top. Subsequently, were, government leaders: nobles and priests followed by, soldiers, scribes, merchants, artists, farmers, and the slaves at the very bottom. This social pyramid worked for its day, but wasn’t fair by any means. Slaves captured we’re procession of the upper class and couldn’t move up in the ranks, creating a poor quality of life. The upper class also held absolute control of its citizens and could do what they so desired. Ancient Egypt can probably be the easiest social pyramid to understand since it was very set out, but lesser known perhaps is a civilization located in Mesoamerica—Ancient Maya. Ancient Maya consisted of rulers, priests, and nobles reigning over the top, partly like Ancient Egypt. In the middle, we’re merchants and soldiers, meanwhile at the bottom we’re slaves and farmers. Depending on the person’s social class, would determine their daily life and wasn’t equal.