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Energy level - specific energies electrons can have Quantum- amount of energy needed to move an electron Quantum mech model- modern description of the behavior of electrons Atomic orbital- probability of finding electrons at various orbitals (nucleus) Electron configuration- arrangement of electrons in its ground state Pauli exclusion principle - atomic orbital may describe 2 electrons at most Spin- electrons may be thought of as clockwise or counterclockwise Hund’s rule - electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible Atomic radius -half the length between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element with the atoms are joined Cation -positive charge Anion- any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge Ion- an atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge Electron negativity- ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom Is in a compound Halogen- nonmetal group in 7a on table Ionization energy- energy required to move an electron from an atom in its gaseous state. Alkali metals- any metal in group 1A, metal in group 2A (earth) Metals- generally good conductor of heat and electric current. Have high luster or sheen. metals ability to reflect light. solid at room temperature. Nonmetals- bad conductor, opposite of metals.