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Q1. Describe physical and chemical properties of enamel. Introduction Enamel is the hard mineralized tissue covering the anatomic crown of tooth. It is acellular and avascular • Highest content of mineral salts along with crystalline arrangement makes it hardest calcified tissue in the human body. Physical Properties Thickness : Enamel forms a protective covering of variable thickness over different parts of the crown with a maximum of 2.5 mm at the cusp tips to less than 100 at the neck of the Density and hardness: High mineral content and crystalline arrangement of mineral salts makes enamel the hardest tissue in the human body. This hardness enables it to withstand the heavy masticatory forces. Density of enamel is 2.8 to 3. Knoop hardness number is 343. • Brittleness: Enamel is brittle, having a low tensile strength due to its structure and the hardness • Colour: Enamel is translucent. Its colour varies from light yellow to grayish white. Colour is determined by difference in the translucency of enamel, which is influenced by the thickness of enamel. Thinner areas appear more yellowish as the underlying dentin is seen through the thin translucent enamel. • Permeability: It is semipermeable. Temperature resistance: Enamel is an insulator at room temperature. It is a non-electrical conducive material.