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FIRST AID. By: Jaylord S. Cenica OBJECTIVES. To learn how to respond in a medical emergency/situation. To prevent the situation from becoming worse. and To provide a basic care and stabilize an unconscious person. the DR'S ABCDE. is an acronym/mnemonic taught on first aid courses to help you have an action plan on how to respond in a medical emergency. "D" STANDS FOR: DANGER. If you find yourself in an emergency situation, you need to ascertain how dangerous it is to you, any bystanders and the injured/ ill person before you try to help. Do not put yourself in harm's way when going to the assistance of another person. "R". STANDS FOR: RESPONSE. Check to see if the person is conscious. Do they respond when you talk to them, touch their hands or squeeze their shoulder. Communicate by talking to them loudly and gently shake their shoulders (not vigorously). But if you do not get a response, the person is unconscious. "S". STANDS FOR: SEND FOR HELP. If you realise that the situation seems off calls for emergency services, your first action should be to send/shout/summon for help. AIRWAY. Check whether the airway is clear and, if not. try to clear it. Have the injured person lying on their back, and then place one hand on the forehead and two fingers from the other hand on the chin. Gently tilt the head back while slightly raising the chin upwards, open their mouth and clear the obstructions. then tilt the head back and check for breathing. BREATHING. The first aider should examine the chest movements (up and down) as well as the mouth for signs of breathing. Afterward, get close to the person to see if air can be felt on the cheek from breathing. You can also feel the breathing by putting your hand on the lower part of their chest. CPR - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. CPR should be performed straight away when a person is unconscious and not breathing With the person face-up. laying on their back place the heel of your hand on the center of their chest your other hand across the top of it Press down firmly, compressing to one-third of the person's chest depth. Do this 30 times Give two breaths To get the breath in tilt their head back gently by lifting their chin. Pinch their nostrils closed. place your open mouth firmly over the person's open mouth and blow firmly into their mouth. Keep going with the 30 compressions and two breaths at the speed of approximately five repeats in two minutes until you hand over to the arriving ambulance officers or another trained person, or until the person you are resuscitating responds The method for CPR for children under eight years old is similar. DISABILITY. Requires the first aider to check response and recheck ABCs which they have literally just done. You can also examine the pupils (size. equality and reaction to light). EXAMINATION. Evaluating the person for signs of injury. bleeding, allergies, or other symptoms once they're already breathing and their heart is beating.