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How did the tsar survive the 1905 revolution ? Explain your answer. The 1905 revolution happened due to a number of errors and reforms. Censorship was relaxed which encouraged political discussion and opposition, defeats, economic impacts, the official incompetence in 1904 and the 5 Russo-Japanese wars damaged the government. The Tsar did survive the 1905 revolution both literally and politically, and by the end of the attempted revolution, Russia still remained an autocratic Tsarist regime. In 1905 Nicholas II, the autocratic ruler of Russia faced rebellion against his rule with many Russians willing to take action to voice their concerns with the way the Tsar was running the country. In January 1905, “Bloody Sunday'' happened. On this day, over 100,000 workers went on strike and 200,000 protesters marched through St Petersburg to the winter palace. The strikers were led by Father Gapon who was a double-agent working for the police. However, the protesters never managed to deliver their message to the Tsar as he wasn’t even there at the Winter Palace that day, but instead, soldiers there opened fire killing about 200 and wounding about 800 more people. In June 1905, Maggoty meat caused a mutiny on the battleship Potemkin. The captain shot the rebels, so the crew shot their officers and they sailed the ship to Odessa. In August 1905, Sergei Witte ended the Russo-Japanese war which reduced pressure on the government. In September 1905, the Black Hundreds carried out violent attacks on Nicholas’s opponents, over 3,000 people were killed. In October 1905, Nicholas issued an October manifesto that granted civil freedoms for people, participation in the Duma and no law can be enforced without the state Duma’s approval. This was satisfied by many liberals, conservatives and democratic socialists. In November 1905, Nicholas issued the November Manifesto which cut peasant’s redemption payments in half and promised financial assistance for buying land. After the 1905 revolution, Nicholas restarted Tsarism and revised some promises in the October Manifesto, voting laws were redesigned to ensure pro-Tsarist representatives would be elected. In 1906, Peter Stolypin became the prime minister, he then sent an army to the countryside so 15,000 peasants were executed and 45,000 were deported. In December, troops arrested St. Petersburg Soviets and Okhrana killed revolutionary leaders. Opponents of Tsarism were not united, they only shared anger towards the Tsar so the Tsar used concessions and force to deal with them as the army remained loyal to Tsar. First Duma deputies were optimistic about the democratic government in Russia, but realised that Tsar Nicholas had no intention of allowing real power, the four dumas met during 1906-1914. First 2 were critical of Nicholas so the Tsar dissolved both, the 3rd Duma was allowed no significant power, so it opposed the government. The 4th Duma finally supported Nicholas II at the outbreak of World War 1. In addition, peasants after the 1905 revolution were allowed to buy farms, almost 2 million peasants had left communes, peasants owned almost half of Russia’s land, agricultural productivity was increasing and 5 consecutive harvests had been good and peasant’s violence was declining. Stolypin’s policies benefited many but the peasant's conditions remained poor. Stolypin also had plans for basic education programmes and intended to introduce regulations on factory work. Workers' basic living costs remained high but conditions were still very poor. Economic modernization led to increasing wealth for the middle class, but their power did not increase. The number of workers was increasing but most of them were illiterate and politicised. Political strikes also increased, as a result, in April 1912, during one strike in Lena Goldfields in Siberia, the soldiers killed 270 workers and injured many more people. Considering all of this information, despite the fact that there were many political strikes and opposition as well as many people had gotten injured or killed. The Tsar had successfully survived the 1905 revolution very closely by enforcing plans and policies to better satisfy the people of Russia, like the October Manifesto all the way throughout 1905 together with incentives given to the people after 1905. It was the power, authority that the Tsar had over his army and his ability to meet the demands and needs of those who opposed him the most. This determined the real reason for the survival of Tsar Nicholas II during the 1905 revolution.