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gravel. breed / bred /bred. lay. spawn. internal. internal clock. panic. rapid. shares. crisis. oyster. oyster bed. clam. shell. flap. membrane. cans. nest. inner. inside. crash.. broke. induce. generate. board. revolve. turning circle. circulate. appliance. device. equipment. rubber. offender. colony. cultivate. transplant. peninsula. Finland. finnish. nationalist. oppose. pants=trousers=pantsuit rebellious. hemline. loose. tight. sew / sewed / sewn. attire. clothes. status. stray. escape. hot air balloon. accomplish = finish, complete. accomplishment. achievement. straw. adventure. cross. traverse. cover. contraptions The Hot Air Balloon in History Flight has always been a goal of mankind. However, early experiments using bird suits and other contraptions often ended in failure, The first real successes in manned flight came from the hot air balloon. In 1783, French scientist Jean-Francois De Rozier ascended more than 80 metres in a balloon. It was tied to the ground using a rope, and it safely landed after 15 minutes in the air. A few months later, he made a similar flight but without being tied down. He travelled nearly 9 kilometres and rose 200 metres above the earth's surface. Rozier could achieve this by heating the balloon with fire using straw as fuel. Over the years, designs became increasingly complex. Improvements, such as the use of hydrogen as fuel, led to many major accomplishments by adventurers like Swedish pilot Per Lindstrand. In 1987, Lindstrand crossed the Atlantic Ocean in a hot air balloon. Using the largest hot air balloon in history at the time, he covered more than 4,600 kilometres in only 33 hours. In 1991, he traversed the Pacific Ocean in a hot air balloon. With the goal of setting a new world record, Lindstrand used the jet stream, and finally succeeded in establishing a new record for distance.