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erized iency, e of ine Figure 7-1. Radial engine. Recen he In-line engines have a comparatively small frontal area, but me their power-to-weight ratios are relatively low. In addition, In the rearmost cylinders of an air-cooled, in-line engine d receive very little cooling air, so these engines are normally Bmited to four or six cylinders. V-type engines provide ary reduce with t Use c fed In and pr anitic E more horsepower than in-line engines and still retain a small frontal area. engine Continued improvements in engine design led to the development of the horizontally-opposed engine, which remains the most popular reciprocating engines used on smaller aircraft. These engines always have an even number of cylinders, since a cylinder on one side of the crankcase "opposes" a cylinder on the other side. [Figure 7-2] The majority of these engines are air cooled and usually are mounted in a horizontal position when installed on fixed-wing airplanes. Opposed-type engines have high power-to-weight ratios because they have a comparatively small, lightweight crankcase. In addition, the compact cylinder arrangement reduces the engine's frontal area and allows a streamlined installation that minimizes aerodynamic drag. park Spark design spark Crankc park cranks The m housin Fo