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Beyond Good and Evil,Friedrich Wilhelm NietzscheBeyondGoodandEvil(German:JenseitsvonGutundBöse),subtitled"PreludetoaPhilosophyoftheFuture"(VorspieleinerPhilosophiederZukunft),isabookbytheGermanphilosopherFriedrichNietzsche,firstpublished in 1886.Ittakesupandexpandsontheideasofhispreviouswork,ThusSpokeZarathustra, but approached from a more critical, polemical direction.InBeyondGoodandEvil,NietzscheattackspastphilosophersfortheirallegedlackofcriticalsenseandtheirblindacceptanceofChristianpremisesintheirconsiderationofmorality.Theworkmovesintotherealm"beyondgoodandevil"inthesenseofleavingbehindthetradi-tionalmoralitywhichNietzschesubjectstoadestructivecritiqueinfa-vourofwhatheregardsasanaffirmativeapproachthatfearlesslycon-frontstheperspectivalnatureofknowledgeandtheperilousconditionofthe modern individual.The Einstein Theory of Relativity,Hendrik Antoon LorentzWhetheritistrueornotthatnotmorethantwelvepersonsinalltheworldareabletounderstandEinstein'sTheory,itisneverthelessafactthatthereisaconstantdemandforinformationaboutthismuch-debatedtopicofrelativity.Thebookspublishedonthesubjectaresotechnicalthatonlyapersontrainedinpurephysicsandhighermathematicsisabletofullyunderstandthem.Inordertomakeapopularexplanationofthis far-reaching theory available, the present book is published.The Republic,PlatoTheRepublicisaSocraticdialoguebyPlato,writteninapproximately380BC.Itisoneofthemostinfluentialworksofphilosophyandpoliticaltheory,andPlato'sbestknownwork.InPlato'sfictionaldialoguesthecharactersofSocratesaswellasvariousAtheniansandforeignersdis-cussthemeaningofjusticeandexaminewhetherthejustmanishappierthantheunjustmanbyimaginingasocietyruledbyphilosopher-kingsandtheguardians.Thedialoguealsodiscussestheroleofthephilosoph-er,Plato'sTheoryofForms,theplaceofpoetry,andtheimmortalityofthe soul.Siddhartha,Hermann HesseSiddharthaisanallegoricalnovelbyHermannHessewhichdealswiththespiritualjourneyofanIndianboycalledSiddharthaduringthetime46 of the Buddha.Thebook,Hesse'sninthnovel,waswritteninGerman,inasimple,yetpowerfulandlyrical,style.Itwasfirstpublishedin1922,afterHessehadspentsometimeinIndiainthe1910s.ItwaspublishedintheU.S.in1951and became influential during the 1960s.ThewordSiddharthaismadeupoftwowordsintheSanskritlanguage,siddha(gotten)+artha(meaningorwealth).Thetwowordstogethermean"onewhohasfoundmeaning(ofexistence)"or"hewhohasat-tainedhisgoals".TheBuddha'sname,beforehisrenunciation,wasPrinceSiddharthaGautama,latertheBuddha.Inthisbook,theBuddhais referred to as "Gotama".Source: WikipediaThe Kama Sutra,VatsyayanaTheKamaSutra,isanancientIndiantextwidelyconsideredtobethestandardworkonhumansexualbehaviorinSanskritliteraturewrittenbytheIndianscholarVatsyayana.Aportionoftheworkconsistsofprac-ticaladviceonsex.Kāmameanssensualorsexualpleasure,andsūtraare the guidlines of yoga, the word itself means thread in Sanskrit.TheKamaSutraistheoldestandmostnotableofagroupoftextsknowngenericallyasKamaShastra).Traditionally,thefirsttransmissionofKamaShastraor"DisciplineofKama"isattributedtoNandithesacredbull,Shiva'sdoorkeeper,whowasmovedtosacredutterancebyover-hearingthelovemakingofthegodandhiswifeParvatiandlaterrecor-ded his utterances for the benefit of mankind.The Book of Tea,Kakuzo OkakuraTheBookofTeawaswrittenbyOkakuraKakuzointheearly20thcen-tury.Itwasfirstpublishedin1906,andhassincebeenrepublishedmanytimes.Inthebook,KakuzointroducesthetermTeaismandhowTeahasaf-fectednearlyeveryaspectofJapaneseculture,thought,andlife.ThebookisaccessibiletoWesternaudiencesbecauseKakuzowastaughtatayoungagetospeakEnglish;andspokeitallhislife,becomingproficientatcommunicatinghisthoughtstotheWesternMind.Inhisbook,hedis-cussessuchtopicsasZenandTaoism,butalsothesecularaspectsofTeaandJapaneselife.ThebookemphasiseshowTeaismtaughttheJapanesemanythings;mostimportantly,simplicity.Kakuzoarguesthatthistea-inducedsimplicityaffectedartandarchitecture,andhewasalong-timestudentofthevisualarts.HeendsthebookwithachapteronTea47 Masters,andspendssometimetalkingaboutSennoRikyuandhiscon-tribution to the Japanese Tea Ceremony.AccordingtoTomonobuImamichi,Heidegger'sconceptofDaseininSeinundZeitwasinspired—althoughHeideggerremainssilentonthis—byOkakuraKakuzo'sconceptofdas-in-dem-Welt-sein(tobeinthebeingoftheworld)expressedinTheBookofTeatodescribeZhuangzi'sphilosophy,whichImamichi'steacherhadofferredtoHeideggerin1919,after having followed lessons with him the year before.The Call of Cthulhu,Howard Phillips Lovecraft"TheCallofCthulhu"isoneofH.P.Lovecraft'sbest-knownshortstor-ies.Writteninthesummerof1926,itwasfirstpublishedinWeirdTales,February1928.ItistheonlystorywrittenbyLovecraftinwhichtheex-traterrestrial entity Cthulhu himself makes a major appearance.Itiswritteninadocumentarystyle,withthreeindependentnarrativeslinkedtogetherbythedeviceofanarratordiscoveringnotesleftbyade-ceasedrelative.Thenarratorpiecestogetherthewholetruthanddisturb-ingsignificanceoftheinformationhepossesses,illustratingthestory'sfirstline:"Themostmercifulthingintheworld,Ithink,istheinabilityofthehumanmindtocorrelateallitscontents.Weliveonaplacidislandofignoranceinthemidstofblackseasofinfinity;anditwasnotmeantthatwe should voyage far."